Enzymes of human-milk oligosaccharide (HMO) biosynthesis

Instructions. Select zero or more enzyme activities to knock out in silico, then the number of iterations required (1–10), before clicking Run, to start the enzyme simulator with the remaining enzymes active. All enzyme activities are enabled, by default. Click Set to use the current knockout (K.O.) set as the baseline. A star ☆ will be placed next to the index number of each enzyme activity suppressed in the new baseline; its activity cannot be selected. (To restore all activities, reload the page by clicking the Enzymes menu button.) With the "compare" box checked, the enzyme simulator will compare the results of the chosen knockout set with those of the baseline. EC numbers are linked to the ExplorEnz database. Where an EC number is not available, suggested names are given in parentheses. Reaction patterns are linked, where appropriate, to the ChEBI and Rhea databases.

current K.O. selection as baseline
the simulation for iterations using the initial substrate , comparing with the baseline  

[select all] [select none] 

K.O.EC numberShort nameIUBMB nameReaction pattern
 1EC 2.4.1.38β4GalTβ-N-acetylglucosaminylglycopeptide β-1,4-galactosyltransferaseUDP-L + *[Y* = UDP + *[Lb4Y*
 2EC 2.4.1.65α4FucT3-galactosyl-N-acetylglucosaminide 4-α-L-fucosyltransferaseGDP-f + *[Lb3Y* = GDP + *[Lb3[fa4]Y*
GDP-f + [L4G] = GDP + [L4[f3]G]
 3EC 2.4.1.69
EC 2.4.1.344
α2FucTgalactoside 2-α-L-fucosyltransferase (type 1 & type 2)GDP-f + *[Lb3Y* = GDP + *[[fa2]Lb3Y*
GDP-f + *[Lb4Y* = GDP + *[[fa2]Lb4Y*
 4EC 2.4.1.149β3GnTN-acetyllactosaminide β-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferaseUDP-Y + *[Lb4Y* = UDP + *[Yb3Lb4Y*
 5EC 2.4.1.152α3FucT4-galactosyl-N-acetylglucosaminide 3-α-L-fucosyltransferaseGDP-f + *[Lb4Y* = GDP + *[Lb4[fa3]Y*
 6EC 2.4.1.86β3GalTN-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminide β-1,3-galactosyltransferaseUDP-L + *[Y* = UDP + *[Lb3Y*
 7EC 2.4.3.1ST6Galβ-galactoside α-2,6-sialyltransferaseCMP-S + *[Lb4Y* = CMP + *[Sa6Lb4Y*
 8EC 2.4.3.6ST3GalN-acetyllactosaminide α-2,3-sialyltransferaseCMP-S + *[Lb4Y* = CMP + *[Sa3Lb4Y*
(can also act on type-1 acceptors)
 9EC 2.4.3.22ST6GlcNAcN-acetylglucosaminide α-(2,6)-sialyltransferaseCMP-S + [Sa3Lb3Yb* = CMP + [Sa3Lb3[Sa6]Yb*
 10EC 2.4.1.150cIGnTN-acetyllactosaminide β-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferaseUDP-Y + *[Lb4Yb3L* = UDP + *[[Yb6][Lb4Yb3]L*
(inactive toward 3-FL substrates)
 11EC 2.4.1.-dIGnTN-acetyllactosaminide β-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (distally acting)UDP-Y + *[Yb3L* = UDP + *[[Yb6][Yb3]L*
(inactive toward 3-FL substrates)

    N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyltransferases      L-fucosyltransferases      D-galactosyltransferases      α-sialyltransferases      sulfotransferases      N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases  

Site last updated 2023-03-24